书城社科英语节目主持艺术
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第25章 对外英语广播的主持艺术——“软新闻”(8)

Q:Hello Coach Lin,would you do the same if you were Liu Jiping and do you think it is right?

A:…

No.1:Since then,Liu Jiping brought Zhen Zhen back to the home,and saw her as his real family member,when he was busy he would let his sister take care of her.

His effort was not in vain.In June 2003,Zhen Zhen entered a famous university and Liu was so pound of her,while Gong Wenjun was in jail,she donated all her money to the hope project.How a major change it is.

Also,in August this year,Zhen Zhen received an offer from a university in Beijing.Liu Jipng,with his action he really realizes the morality and integrity of our Chinese people and let our world full of love.This is for today's Talk to Talk.Thank you for being with us!See you here next time.

[评点]

这档节目的内容很特殊,也是形成新闻的主要原因。但是,由于节目的定位,使其成为“软新闻”的形式与受众见面。自然,由于其具有的特殊性,受众对其关注的程度就会很高。

然而,对于主播的掌控来说,此时需要的是“介绍”而非“震动”或“惊奇”。就笔者对所呈现的节目的运作来看,前半部分的“讲述”还是符合了要求,并达到了主播“稳住情绪”的处理。

但是,在与嘉宾连线环节,主播的问题集中在了新闻当事人做的是“对”还是“错”的点上,这样听起来似乎合乎大家的惯性思维,即:一位警察怎么能帮一个罪犯抚养教育孩子呢?那么多罪犯的孩子能都被如此对待吗?

然而,聚焦在“对”与“错”上,就会令整个节目变成了一档“道德审判”或“职业操守鉴定”的裁决。这是与节目定位不相符的,更有风险的是:如果嘉宾的回答是持否定态度的话,主播是否准备好了应对的问题呢?难道只是加一个“为什么?”就能得到“裁决”的结果吗?就能令受众满意吗?

可见,如果我们在前期准备时很容易出现“惯性思维”的问题的话,就需要用“逆向思维”来反问一下,尽量避免使节目产生无处可走的结果。

[笔者主观映象]

对于这档节目涉及内容的主持方式,笔者认为可以分为两个方面考虑。

第一是开场部分:由于这一新闻故事已经以硬新闻的形式被报道过了,所以,新闻的基本内容受众已经熟悉了,并已经惊奇过了。但是,对于新闻背景的了解还是欠缺的,这样,才被选到“软新闻”的节目中加以深化报道。因此,主播一开场就应把新闻当事人的照片在触摸屏上或大屏幕上打出来,并以“回放”的形式引导受众挖掘已有的记忆,这样来加深受众的印象。对于主播的出场方式来说,主播可以是走出来,或是站在触摸屏旁,或是手拿材料坐在无播音台的椅子上。

第二部分是连线嘉宾的环节处理:这档节目不是对新闻事件的评判,而是对聚焦事件中的当事人究竟该如何处理类似问题的讨论和分析。所以,涉及嘉宾提的问题就显得极为重要。

笔者不希望看到带有“审视”语气和神态的主持人,例如说“那您究竟如何看待……?”“难道当事人就没有想到……?”等类似的语言。而是应用“我们可以想象当时对当事人来说是多么难以解决的问题,如果放到现在,我们有没有更好的办法呢?”或“这样的局面,我们该怎样呼吁社会或政府部门制定相关的合理措施呢?”等语句。

第三个新闻故事背景:Key word:Morality

《一诺至孝30载》

[河南焦作煤矿工人谢延信的故事]

No.3:Hello,everyone,welcome to today's People's Story.First,I would like to read some sentences from our progtramme's character.He said,“Dad,Mom,although Lan'e has passed away,I am just your son,I'll take care of you with my whole life-time.”This is the promise held by an ordinary worker Xie Yanxin from Jiaozuo Henan Province.

His wife,Lan'e,passed away after one year of their marriage.Since then on,he has been keeping his promise of supporting Lan'e's parents and a brother.He used up all his salary to support such a family and often did some extra jobs to buy nutritious food for the old.He even changed his family name from Liu to Xie which is the surname of his father-in-law.

Xie Fenxiang,a young lady,was touched by his piety and married him in 1983 and started to take the family burden together with him.So he had kept his promise for more than 30 years.

Q-1:Are you touched by his story?

A-1:…

Q-2:What's the difference between the normal people's piety and his?

A-2:…

No.1:When the life storm came,he said nothing but shouldered all the burden and he never loses the hope in front of the frustration of life.From the begging of keeping a promise to devoting all he can into his special family,Xie spent 33 years of hard-working to spread the spirit of piety.

He did as many extra jobs as possible in order to buy meat and fruits for the old,but what he ate were only pickles made by himself.His wife even picks the baton to support the family with him.

Xie is old and not energetic any more,but his strong will,his piety,his responsibility and his conscience never goes away.He hid his sorrow and shouldered the heavy responsibility that one could hardly do.

He is just like an old horse that never moved freely and quickly but reached the summit of conscience step by step.

OK,this is for today's People's Story.See you next edition.

[评点]

对于形成令受众感动的软新闻事件,是大部分节目主播喜欢主持的。这样的心理是完全可以理解的,毕竟感动众人的故事是让人提高情操的。但是,不是感动人的故事就能成全主播,更不会因为大家关注某一事件,这一事件就能烘托出主播个人来。选择这档节目的内容,就是要引导受训的学生认识到这一点。在实训过程中呈现的这档节目带来了以下几点可以作为参考:

第一,主播在开场白之后立刻以“开门见山”的方式引用新闻当事人的话,来引起受众的注意。这样的方法是很适合这档节目的,毕竟受众已经通过“硬新闻”了解了基本内容;

第二,主播对新闻的提炼是符合实训设计要求的,在讲述的过程中也没有形成感动自己的“朗诵腔”,而是以看似“平铺直叙”的方式将已经精简的内容分为三个层次,符合新闻叙事的标准;

第三,主播在与嘉宾连线环节的问题涉及不理想,主要是由于使用了最忌讳的只能获得“是”或“不是”的问题。如果连线嘉宾只是回答了“是”或“不是”,主播立刻续上一个“为什么?”就太降低主播的采访能力了。

[笔者主观映象]

就这档节目主持方面的设计,“笔者主观映象”呈现的是这样的:

一是主播的外形应是职业化服装,直白一些,就是白领阶层的服装形态,女主播没有佩带任何的饰品,男主播不会穿西装革履及设计时尚的发型。

二是主播的语言除了保持“讲述”的基调外,还需要用“聊天儿”的速度来进行,这样会使得新闻人物的纯朴品格与主播的语速相融合后体现出来。

三是在连线环节的提问部分对问题的设计要出自真心地感受,在此基础上再注意问题的结构,因为连线环节的时间长度已经有了明确的规定。

总之,由于节目的内容使得主播的风格被限定,这就体现了主播掌控因内容而改变时的素质了。但不论面对怎样的内容,只要摄像机开始拍摄,首先和唯一的要求就是全身心地真情投入,即便是在感觉最疲惫的时候。这是“软新闻”类节目要求主播达到的基本职业能力。

第四个新闻故事背景:Key word:Morality

《“活雷锋”杨广和》

No.4:Hello,my dear viewers.Welcome to today's Grass Roots.In the county of Yangxin,Shandong province,people always see a special taxi with a picture of Lei Feng pasted on the head of the car.This is because the taxi's owner is a real“Living Lei Feng”.His name is Yang Guanghe.

Yang Guanghe is a middle-age man who lives in Liu Miao Da Yang village,Liuhe town.He is a Hui nationality.And in the village he became famous for his glorious stories of helping others.His stories are remembered and appreciated by every villager.He is a taxi driver who keeps a principle that he would never ask people in trouble for any money.

One day in July,2003,He saved a man who fell into a ditch and after that he filled the road plane.Also once in September 2004,he was driving his taxi when he met three 4 burnt man.Yang got out the car to help them and even had his hand burnt.He sent these 4men to the hospital and sold his telephone to pay the bill for them.

During these years,Yang keeps learning from Lei Feng,making himself a well known“Ling Lei Feng”in China.