书城政治超越均势:冷战后的美国南亚安全战略
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第43章 继续超越均势:反恐与美国的南亚安全战略(6)

⑨Richard Boucher,“New Directions in US‐India Relations”,Press Statement,U.S.Department of State,June 19,2001,in http://www.state.gov/p/sa/ci/in/3818pf.htm.

⑩Ashley J.Tellis,C.Christine fair,Jamison Jo Medby,Limited Conflict under the Nuclear Umbrella,Rand,2001.pp.ix-xii.

[11]Teresita C.Schaffer,“The U.S.and South Asia:New Priorities,Familiar Interests”,Global Beat Issue Brief,No.66,in http://www.nyu.edu/globalbeat/pubs/ib66.html.

[12]Stephen P.Cohen,India:Emerging Power,Washington,D.C.:Brookings Institution Press,2002,p.xiii.

[13]关于“9·11”事件对南亚影响的进一步分析,主要有Michael Kraig,James Henderson,eds.,“U.S.Strategy for Regional Security:South Asia”,Report of the 42nd Strategy for Peace Conference,2001;Stephen P.Cohen,“South Asia”,in Richard J.Ellings,Strategic Asia:2002—2003,Seattle:National Bureau of Asian Research,2002;Richard J.Kozicki,“The Changed World of South Asia:Afghanistan,Pakistan,and India after September 11”,in Asia Pacific:Perspectives,Vol.2,No.2,May 2002;Lee Feinstein,James C.Clad,Lewis A.Dunn,David Albright,“A New Equation:U.S.Policy toward India and Pakistan after September 11”,Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,Global Policy Program,No.27,May 2002;Frank G.Wisner II,Nicholas Platt,Marshall M.Bouton,“New Priorities:U.S.Policy toward India,Pakistan,and Afghanistan”,Chairmen’s Report of an Independent Task Force Cosponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations and the Asia Society,November 2003.

[14]Christina B.Rocca,“Deepening U.S.Engagement in South Asia”,Speech to American Enterprise Institute in Washington,D.C.,October 10,2002.

[15]The Foreign Operations,Export Financing,and Related Programs Appropriations Act,2002(P.L.107-115)and the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations measure for anti‐terrorism efforts(P.L.107-38).

[16]The White House,The National Security Strategy of the United States of America,September 2002.

[17]C.Baja Mohan,“A Paradigm Shift toward South Asia?”The Washington Quarterly,Winter 2002—2003,p.146.

[18]Howard La Franchi,“Attacks Move Pakistan up,India Down,on U.S.Agenda”,The Christian Science Monitor,September 24,2001.

[19]Frank G.Wisner II,etal,eds.,“U.S.Policy Toward India,Pakistan,and Afghanistan”,Charimen'sReprot of an Independent Task Force Cosponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations and the Asia Society,November 2003.

[20]比如,Robert D.Blackwill,“The Trans formation of US‐India Relations:A Stat U.S.Report”,addressed to the Delhi Policy Group,Habitat Centre New Delhi,India,February 26,2002;Christina B.Rocca,“Trans forming US‐India Relations”,remarks Before the Confederation of Indian Industry,New Delhi,India,May 14,2002;Richard N.Haass,“The United States and India:A Transformed Relationship”,Remarks to the Confederation of Indian Industry,Hyderabad,India,7 January2003.http://www.state.org.

[21]The White House,The National Security Strategy of the United States,September 2002.

[22]Christina B.Rocca,“Deepening U.S.Engagement in South Asia”,Press Statement,U.S.Department of State,October 10,2002,in http://www.state.gov/p/sa/rls/rm/14296.htm.

[23]C.Raja Mohan,“A Paradigm Shift toward South Asia?”The Washington Quarterly,Winter 2002—2003,p.150.

[24]Lee Feinstein,“W hen Policy Priorities Converge:U.S.Relations with India and Pakistan”,in Lee Feinstein,et al.,“A New Equation:U.S.Policy toward India and Pakistan after September 11”,Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,Working Paper,No.27,May 2002.

[25]2002年12月4日的访谈。

[26]Frank G.Wisner II,et al,eds.,“U.S.Policy Toward India,Pakistan,and Afghanistan”,Charimen's Reprot of an Independent Task Force Cosponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations and the Asia Society,November 2003.

[27]“Rocca Ensures Closer Indo‐U.S.Ties”,Statesman(New Delhi),21 October 2004.

[28]据一家名为ATKearney机构对全球投资者的调查,2004年印度被列为最有吸引力的外国直接投资对象的第三位(仅次于中国和美国)。相对于中国在基础设施、廉价劳动力和增长潜力上的优势,印度的优势主要表现在劳动力的受教育水平、管理能力和制度环境,其不利的方面有行政效率低下、政治不稳定、基础设施落后和地缘政治气候复杂(特别是印巴关系)。The Times of India,6 December 2004.

[29]软件和外包服务业占印度经济的3%,但每年以30%的速度增长,并成为主要的出口收入。据印度软件和服务公司全国联合会(NASSCOM)估计,2003年印度软件和服务收入约159亿美元,其中125亿美元来自出口,相当于商品出口收入的20%,它还为印度提供了24.5万个就业岗位。Teresita Schaffer and Shilpa Rajan,“Outsourcing:The New Big Thing or the Slippery Slope?”South AsiaMonitor,No.77,2004,http://www.csis.org/

[30]1965年以前,印度接受的外国援助的51.7%来自美国。见P.J.Eldridge,The Politics of Foreign Aid in India,Delhi:Vikas,1969,p.38,引自Harold A.Gould,Sumit Ganguly,eds.,The Hopeand the Reality:US‐India Relations from Roosevelt to Reagan(Boulder:Westview Press,1992),p.47.

[31]以上数据引自Thomas Lum,“U.S.Foreign A id to East and South Asia:Selected Recipients”,Congressional Research Service Report for Congress,updated 10 April 2002.

[32]The Times of India,29 December 2004.

[33]U.S.State Department,Patterns of Global Terrorism,29 August 2004.

[34]“Gilman Calls for Close Ties with India”,Press Release,6 April 2001.