But,the resolute Queen,determined on asserting her son's right,would hear of no such thing.She came from Scotland to the north of England,where several powerful lords armed in her cause.The Duke of York,for his part,set off with some five thousand men,a little time before Christmas Day,one thousand four hundred and sixty,to give her battle.He lodged at Sandal Castle,near Wakefield,and the Red Roses defied him to come out on Wakefield Green,and fight them then and there.His generals said,he had best wait until his gallant son,the Earl of March,came up with his power;but,he was determined to accept the challenge.He did so,in an evil hour.He was hotly pressed on all sides,two thousand of his men lay dead on Wakefield Green,and he himself was taken prisoner.They set him down in mock state on an ant-hill,and twisted grass about his head,and pretended to pay court to him on their knees,saying,'O King,without a kingdom,and Prince without a people,we hope your gracious Majesty is very well and happy!'They did worse than this;they cut his head off,and handed it on a pole to the Queen,who laughed with delight when she saw it (you recollect their walking so religiously and comfortably to St.Paul's!),and had it fixed,with a paper crown upon its head,on the walls of York.The Earl of Salisbury lost his head,too;and the Duke of York's second son,a handsome boy who was flying with his tutor over Wakefield Bridge,was stabbed in the heart by a murderous,lord-Lord Clifford by name-whose father had been killed by the White Roses in the fight at St.Alban's.
There was awful sacrifice of life in this battle,for no quarter was given,and the Queen was wild for revenge.When men unnaturally fight against their own countrymen,they are always observed to be more unnaturally cruel and filled with rage than they are against any other enemy.
But,Lord Clifford had stabbed the second son of the Duke of York-not the first.The eldest son,Edward Earl of March,was at Gloucester;and,vowing vengeance for the death of his father,his brother,and their faithful friends,he began to march against the Queen.He had to turn and fight a great body of Welsh and Irish first,who worried his advance.These he defeated in a great fight at Mortimer's Cross,near Hereford,where he beheaded a number of the Red Roses taken in battle,in retaliation for the beheading of the White Roses at Wakefield.The Queen had the next turn of beheading.Having moved towards London,and falling in,between St.Alban's and Barnet,with the Earl of Warwick and the Duke of Norfolk,White Roses both,who were there with an army to oppose her,and had got the King with them;she defeated them with great loss,and struck off the heads of two prisoners of note,who were in the King's tent with him,and to whom the King had promised his protection.Her triumph,however,was very short.She had no treasure,and her army subsisted by plunder.This caused them to be hated and dreaded by the people,and particularly by the London people,who were wealthy.As soon as the Londoners heard that Edward,Earl of March,united with the Earl of Warwick,was advancing towards the city,they refused to send the Queen supplies,and made a great rejoicing.
The Queen and her men retreated with all speed,and Edward and Warwick came on,greeted with loud acclamations on every side.The courage,beauty,and virtues of young Edward could not be sufficiently praised by the whole people.He rode into London like a conqueror,and met with an enthusiastic welcome.A few days afterwards,Lord Falconbridge and the Bishop of Exeter assembled the citizens in St.John's Field,Clerkenwell,and asked them if they would have Henry of Lancaster for their King?To this they all roared,'No,no,no!'and 'King Edward!King Edward!'Then,said those noblemen,would they love and serve young Edward?To this they all cried,'Yes,yes!'and threw up their caps and clapped their hands,and cheered tremendously.
Therefore,it was declared that by joining the Queen and not protecting those two prisoners of note,Henry of Lancaster had forfeited the crown;and Edward of York was proclaimed King.He made a great speech to the applauding people at Westminster,and sat down as sovereign of England on that throne,on the golden covering of which his father-worthy of a better fate than the bloody axe which cut the thread of so many lives in England,through so many years-had laid his hand.