They even cast a shower of stones-and among them a dagger-at one of the royal chaplains who attacked the Reformed religion in a public sermon.But the Queen and her priests went steadily on.
Ridley,the powerful bishop of the last reign,was seized and sent to the Tower.LATIMER,also celebrated among the Clergy of the last reign,was likewise sent to the Tower,and Cranmer speedily followed.Latimer was an aged man;and,as his guards took him through Smithfield,he looked round it,and said,'This is a place that hath long groaned for me.'For he knew well,what kind of bonfires would soon be burning.Nor was the knowledge confined to him.The prisons were fast filled with the chief Protestants,who were there left rotting in darkness,hunger,dirt,and separation from their friends;many,who had time left them for escape,fled from the kingdom;and the dullest of the people began,now,to see what was coming.
It came on fast.A Parliament was got together;not without strong suspicion of unfairness;and they annulled the divorce,formerly pronounced by Cranmer between the Queen's mother and King Henry the Eighth,and unmade all the laws on the subject of religion that had been made in the last King Edward's reign.They began their proceedings,in violation of the law,by having the old mass said before them in Latin,and by turning out a bishop who would not kneel down.They also declared guilty of treason,Lady Jane Grey for aspiring to the Crown;her husband,for being her husband;and Cranmer,for not believing in the mass aforesaid.They then prayed the Queen graciously to choose a husband for herself,as soon as might be.
Now,the question who should be the Queen's husband had given rise to a great deal of discussion,and to several contending parties.
Some said Cardinal Pole was the man-but the Queen was of opinion that he was NOT the man,he being too old and too much of a student.Others said that the gallant young COURTENAY,whom the Queen had made Earl of Devonshire,was the man-and the Queen thought so too,for a while;but she changed her mind.At last it appeared that PHILIP,PRINCE OF SPAIN,was certainly the man-though certainly not the people's man;for they detested the idea of such a marriage from the beginning to the end,and murmured that the Spaniard would establish in England,by the aid of foreign soldiers,the worst abuses of the Popish religion,and even the terrible Inquisition itself.
These discontents gave rise to a conspiracy for marrying young Courtenay to the Princess Elizabeth,and setting them up,with popular tumults all over the kingdom,against the Queen.This was discovered in time by Gardiner;but in Kent,the old bold county,the people rose in their old bold way.SIR THOMAS WYAT,a man of great daring,was their leader.He raised his standard at Maidstone,marched on to Rochester,established himself in the old castle there,and prepared to hold out against the Duke of Norfolk,who came against him with a party of the Queen's guards,and a body of five hundred London men.The London men,however,were all for Elizabeth,and not at all for Mary.They declared,under the castle walls,for Wyat;the Duke retreated;and Wyat came on to Deptford,at the head of fifteen thousand men.
But these,in their turn,fell away.When he came to Southwark,there were only two thousand left.Not dismayed by finding the London citizens in arms,and the guns at the Tower ready to oppose his crossing the river there,Wyat led them off to Kingston-upon-Thames,intending to cross the bridge that he knew to be in that place,and so to work his way round to Ludgate,one of the old gates of the City.He found the bridge broken down,but mended it,came across,and bravely fought his way up Fleet Street to Ludgate Hill.Finding the gate closed against him,he fought his way back again,sword in hand,to Temple Bar.Here,being overpowered,he surrendered himself,and three or four hundred of his men were taken,besides a hundred killed.Wyat,in a moment of weakness (and perhaps of torture)was afterwards made to accuse the Princess Elizabeth as his accomplice to some very small extent.But his manhood soon returned to him,and he refused to save his life by making any more false confessions.He was quartered and distributed in the usual brutal way,and from fifty to a hundred of his followers were hanged.The rest were led out,with halters round their necks,to be pardoned,and to make a parade of crying out,'God save Queen Mary!'
In the danger of this rebellion,the Queen showed herself to be a woman of courage and spirit.She disdained to retreat to any place of safety,and went down to the Guildhall,sceptre in hand,and made a gallant speech to the Lord Mayor and citizens.But on the day after Wyat's defeat,she did the most cruel act,even of her cruel reign,in signing the warrant for the execution of Lady Jane Grey.
They tried to persuade Lady Jane to accept the unreformed religion;