书城英文图书不可不知的美国100所名校
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第34章 College of William and Mary: Hark upon the gale

威廉玛丽学院:倾听呼啸的大风

英文导读

Back to its origin

The College of William and Mary in Virginia (also known as The College, William & Mary, or W&M) is a public research university located in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. Privately founded in 1693 by letters patent issued by King William III and Queen Mary II, it is the second-oldest institution of higher education in the United States after Harvard University. Its alumni include Thomas Jefferson, John Marshall, James Monroe, John Tyler, and Gen. Winfield Scott. George Washington was the college"s first American chancellor, from 1788 to 1799. The college became a state-supported school in 1906 and began accepting women in 1918.William and Mary established the first school of law in the United States and pioneered also in the teaching of political economy, natural philosophy, and modern history and languages. It boasts an enrollment of 7,500 students, including 5,500 undergraduates, and draws students from all 50 states and over 75 countries. Construction on the main building, the Sir Christopher Wren Building, began in 1695. Today the Wren building is the oldest college building in America.

More information

System: The college has more than 30 undergraduate programs and 10 graduate programs and professional degree programs. Its highly-ranked graduate schools include the Marshall-Wythe School of Law, the School of Education, and the Mason School of Business. William and Mary was the first school to create a student honor code, and its Marshall-Wythe School of Law is nation"s first law school.

Honor System: William & Mary"s Honor System was first established by alumnus Thomas Jefferson in 1779 and is widely believed to be the nation"s first. The Honor System stands as one of the College"s most important traditions; it remains student-administered through the Honor Council with the advice of the faculty and administration of the College. The College"s Honor System is codified such that students found guilty of cheating, stealing or lying are subject to sanctions ranging anywhere from an oral warning up to expulsion.

生词助读

patent [peitnt, ptnt] n. 专利权;执照

chancellor [tɑ:nsl] n.

总理(德、奥);(英)大臣;校长;(英)大法官;(美)首席法官

honor code 荣誉制度;行为准则

codify [kdifai, kudifai] vt. 编纂;将……编成法典

中文概述

威廉玛丽学院于1693年由英国国王威廉三世和女王玛丽二世创立,是英国在美国殖民地创立的第二所高等学府,仅次于哈佛大学。威廉玛丽学院位于美国弗吉尼亚州的威廉斯堡,距美国首都华盛顿以南150英里,交通非常便利。

该校是为纪念1688年英国光荣革命后共同主政的威廉三世与玛丽二世而称威廉玛丽学院。1776年,该校与英国脱离关系,1906年该校成为公立大学,1918年男女合校,直到1967年成为现代综合性大学。值得说明的是,威廉玛丽学院是全美国第一所有皇家宪章的美国机关,因此,它必须"永远"保留它的校名。

威廉玛丽学院一直是注重本科教学的文理学院,被评为公立大学中最注重教学的学校。本科教育就是威廉玛丽的王牌,因此,威廉玛丽学院所有的本科生课程都是由知名教授亲自上课的。威廉玛丽学院的课程也非常全面,这使得每个学生从容应付长远人生中的各种挑战。美国学生均认为:"威廉玛丽学院本科的文理学院式的精英教育,绝对不会让任何学生失望。"

威廉玛丽学院设有文理学院、海洋科学学院、教育学院、商业管理学院和法学院等五个学院,有数十个专业,涉及领域较广,大都具有很强的科研学术实力,可以授予硕士、博士学位,一些学科还在相应领域具有相当影响力。

历史上,威廉姆玛丽学院曾出过4位独立宣言签字人、3位美国总统(托玛斯·杰弗逊、詹姆士·门罗、约翰·泰勒)、许多议员、大法官、杰出运动员和其他著名人士。著名艺人成龙之子房祖名也曾在威廉玛丽学院修习音乐与艺术专业。

梦想成功录

Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.

不要为成功而努力,要为做一个有价值的人而努力。

Strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished.

只有强者才懂得斗争;弱者甚至失败都不够资格,而且生来就是被征服的。